L.L.M (1 Year 40 Cr.) (BU and Other)

Comparative legal system is a systematic study of popular legal tradition and legal rules on a comparative basis. Montesquieu is considered as the father of the comparative legal system. It is the academic discipline and method of study that involves the systematic comparison, analysis and description of differences and similarities between the law and legal systems of different countries. It is a means of understanding and evaluating different legal systems which focuses on civil law, common law, religious law and mixed law. This course is useful for lawyers, teachers, students, politicians, legislators, judges, tourists, foreign diplomats and ambassadors, businessmen, international organizations etc. In an interconnected world, comparative law is essential for navigating international business, understanding foreign environments, and developing international human rights policies. It bridges the ‘legal divides’ between nations and helps avoid ethnocentric approaches to justice.

This course introduces the basic concepts, principles, and development of human rights at national and international levels. It examines key international instruments such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and their relevance to the constitutional and legal framework of Bangladesh. The course also discusses the protection and promotion of fundamental rights, the role of state institutions, and contemporary human rights issues.

This course offers a broad introduction to international environmental law. This field of law is developing rapidly and is getting increasingly complex. It is one of the most dynamic and exciting areas of legal practice, and it plays a pivotal role in protecting our personal health and welfare, guiding economic development and business life. Environmental lawyers explore and apply a complex set of federal and state statutory protections, administrative regulatory prohibitions, and convoluted judicial interpretations.

This course examines the international legal frameworks governing the protection of refugees, migrants, and stateless persons. It explores the development of international refugee law and its relationship with international human rights law and migration governance. Particular attention is given to the legal definitions of refugee and stateless persons, the principle of non-refoulement, protection mechanisms, and the rights and obligations of states and individuals. The course also addresses contemporary challenges related to displacement, irregular migration, and statelessness in the global context. Through the study of international instruments such as the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and the Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees, along with institutional practices and case studies, students will develop a critical understanding of legal responses to forced migration and displacement.

International institutions are formal entities established by treaties between sovereign states to manage global issues, foster cooperation, and establish norms. The international Institution includes the composition and functions of the global organization like the United Nations (UN), World Trade Organization (WTO), International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank etc. Their primary goals include maintaining peace, enhancing economic stability, setting international trade rules, and facilitating diplomacy. Besides these there are also regional organizations like the European Union (EU), African Union (AU), NATO, ASEAN etc. The international organization plays an important role in the present world.

This course offers an advanced study of the legal rules governing armed conflict under International Humanitarian Law. It examines the historical development, sources, and fundamental principles regulating the conduct of hostilities and the protection of persons affected by armed conflict. The course analyzes the core legal instruments, particularly the Geneva Conventions and their Additional Protocols to the Geneva Conventions, and addresses issues such as the classification of armed conflicts, protection of civilians, treatment of prisoners of war, and the regulation of means and methods of warfare. It also explores mechanisms of accountability and enforcement, including international criminal responsibility. Through the study of treaties, jurisprudence, and contemporary conflicts, students will develop a critical understanding of the role of humanitarian law in mitigating the effects of war and protecting human dignity.

This course provides an introduction to the legal framework governing the use and management of the world’s oceans and marine resources. It examines the development and principles of the modern law of the sea with particular reference to the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. The course explores how international law regulates maritime zones and balances the rights and responsibilities of coastal and maritime states. Students will study key topics including territorial sea, contiguous zone, exclusive economic zone (EEZ), continental shelf, high seas, and the international seabed area. The course also discusses issues related to maritime boundaries, navigation rights, marine environmental protection, exploitation of marine resources, and dispute settlement mechanisms. By the end of the course, students will gain a clear understanding of the legal regimes governing oceans and seas, the rights and duties of states in different maritime zones, and the contemporary challenges in the governance of marine spaces.

Media law is a specialized legal field governing the regulation of telecommunications, broadcasting, advertising, entertainment, and online services. It defines the legal framework for how media organizations and individuals operate, balancing the fundamental right to freedom of expression with protection against harmful content, defamation, and infringement of privacy. Media law includes the areas of defamation, intellectual property, freedom of speech and censorship, media regulations, digital and internet law etc. An understanding of the Media and Cyber law is essential for anyone working in the media whether a journalist, editor or producer. Through this course lawyers and students will be aware of the legal principles that relate specifically to print, broadcast, films and online mass media. Media law ensures accuracy, encourages responsible reporting, and provides legal remedies when professional or ethical lines are crossed. The rapidly changing world of new media presents the law with new challenges and the Parliament of Bangladesh has enacted many laws to deal with all the facets of media.

This course introduces the principles and legal framework of intellectual property rights, including copyright, patents, trademarks, and industrial designs. It examines the protection of creative works and innovations, relevant international agreements such as the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, and the national legal framework in Bangladesh. The course aims to help students understand the importance of protecting intellectual creations and the legal mechanisms available to enforce these rights.

This course is designed to develop students’ ability to conduct independent academic research and produce a comprehensive research monograph on a selected legal topic. It provides practical training in research methodology, legal analysis, and academic writing. Students will learn how to identify research problems, formulate research questions, review relevant literature, and apply appropriate research methods in the field of law. The course emphasizes the development of skills in collecting, analyzing, and interpreting legal materials such as statutes, case law, academic writings, and policy documents. Students will also learn proper citation techniques, research ethics, and the structure of scholarly legal writing. Under the guidance of a supervisor, each student will prepare a research monograph that demonstrates critical thinking, analytical ability, and a clear understanding of the chosen research topic. By the end of the course, students will acquire essential research skills necessary for advanced academic study and professional legal practice.